Field Log · Taş Tepeler, Şanlıurfa

The Field Log. Dated and sourced.

Finds, digs, papers, ticket and hours changes at Göbekli Tepe, Karahan Tepe and the other Taş Tepeler sites, newest first. Each entry names its sources. Where they disagree, we say so.

Entries
53
Span
1963–2026
Last updated
§ 01Open questions

What we can’t tell you yet.

Six questions the sources leave open. Three of them change how you plan a visit.

Open question 01Affects your visit

Is Karahan Tepe open?

The Ministry’s muze.gov.tr page listed Karahantepe as ‘Kapalı’ (closed) when we checked on 18 Oct 2026, while still showing opening hours. A Tripadvisor forum post of 16 Oct 2026 says it is open with limited access: two structures, during roof works. We found no official notice of a closure or a reopening for October 2026.

What would settle itPhone the Şanlıurfa Museum on +90 414 313 15 88 before you drive out.

Open question 02

What was in Karahan Tepe’s sealed room?

In July 2026 the team planned to lift the capstones of a room sealed with stone slabs inside a building found in 2025. As of 19 Oct 2026 we found no published result.

What would settle itAn end-of-season announcement, or the year-end Taş Tepeler briefing (late November in 2025).

Open question 03Affects your visit

When does Göbekli Tepe’s new welcome centre open?

A new welcome centre, car park and café were built about 2.5 km below the site. In September 2025 the Minister said they would open before the end of 2025; in December 2025 AA said ‘next year’. We found no dated official opening notice.

What would settle itCheck on arrival where parking and the shuttle now start.

Open question 04Affects your visit

Does the €20 ticket cover Karahan Tepe?

The current tariff names its €20 line for both Taş Tepeler sites, yet lists Karahantepe separately as free. Some sites describe the €20 as Göbekli Tepe only. Either way, no extra Karahan Tepe fee is listed. From 1 Apr 2027 the line becomes €22, with a €23 combined ticket.

What would settle itThe ticket office, or the DÖSİMM list once the 2027 tariff is live.

Open question 05

How old is Göbekli Tepe, exactly?

UNESCO gives c. 9600–8200 BCE. The official Taş Tepeler page gives c. 9600–7750 cal BC, about 1,750 years of use. Both figures are in use; they summarise the radiocarbon series differently. Karahan Tepe is given as c. 9400 BC into the 8000s BC.

What would settle itNew radiocarbon dates from the northern-mound houses dug in 2026.

Open question 06

How many Taş Tepeler sites are there?

The Ministry used 12 from 2021 to 2025, though the 12 names changed. On 17 Sep 2026 Minister Ersoy said 20: the 12 announced plus 8 that have not been named. No list of the 8 has been published.

What would settle itA Ministry list naming the 8 sites.

§ 02The log

Every entry, newest first.

Filter by what happened or where. The address bar keeps your filter, so you can share it: for example Karahan Tepe only.

Showing all 53 entries

202614 entries

Visitor updateDisputed

Karahan Tepe status unclear: forum reports limited access during roof works

A Tripadvisor forum post says only Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe are open on the Taş Tepeler circuit, with Karahan Tepe visitors able to see only two structures while roof works continue. The Ministry’s muze.gov.tr page listed Karahantepe as ‘Kapalı’ (closed) when checked on 18 Oct 2026. Phone the Şanlıurfa Museum (+90 414 313 15 88) before driving out.

Disputed

The muze.gov.tr page says ‘Kapalı’ (closed) but still lists opening hours. A user-generated forum post (16 Oct 2026) says the site is open with limited access. In July 2026 Necmi Karul said the excavated area would be put under a protective roof at the end of the season (AA, 16 Jul 2026). We found no official notice of a closure or reopening for October 2026.

Sites

Sources

  1. TAŞ TEPELER PROJECT – Important Visitor Update – Site Access (forum post)Tripadvisor Türkiye forum (user-generated) · 16 Oct 2026
  2. Karahantepe Örenyerimuze.gov.tr (Ministry)
  3. Karahantepe’de ‘gizemli oda’da yeni keşif beklentisiAnadolu Agency · 16 Jul 2026
Tickets & hours

Summer opening hours end at Göbekli Tepe and the Şanlıurfa Museum

Extended hours of 08:30–19:00 (ticket office until 18:30) ran from 25 April to 1 October 2026. The Ministry pages now list 08:30–17:30, with the ticket office closing at 17:00. If you’re visiting in winter, plan to reach Göbekli Tepe by early afternoon.

What else the sources say

The footer of the official tastepeler.org site still gives generic museum seasons (summer 1 Apr–24 Oct, 08:30–19:00; winter 08:30–17:00). Those times don’t match the DÖSİMM notice. Use DÖSİMM and muze.gov.tr.

Sites

Sources

  1. Şanlıurfa Müzesi ve Göbeklitepe Örenyeri ziyaret saatleri hakkındaDÖSİMM (Ministry) · 2026
  2. Göbeklitepe Örenyerimuze.gov.tr (Ministry)
  3. Şanlıurfa Arkeoloji Müzesimuze.gov.tr (Ministry)
PolicyReported

Minister Ersoy: Taş Tepeler now counts 20 Neolithic sites, 8 not yet named

Speaking to journalists in Kahramanmaraş, Culture and Tourism Minister Mehmet Nuri Ersoy said that besides the 12 publicly announced Neolithic sites there are 8 more that have not been disclosed, for 20 in total. He added that older finds than Göbekli Tepe’s are ‘not scientifically out of the question’. The names and locations of the 8 sites have not been published.

Ersoy also said the ‘Geleceğe Miras’ (Heritage for the Future) programme covers 261 excavations in 67 provinces in 2026, and that the Taş Tepeler arc runs from Şanlıurfa towards Mardin and further south. The figure of 20 is the Minister’s verbal statement as reported by TGRT and Türkiye Gazetesi. We found no Ministry list or press release.

Reported, not confirmed

The official count was 12 sites from 2021 to 2025. The 2021 launch named 7 active sites plus 5 planned. AA counted 10 areas dug in 2025. Survey literature lists far more Neolithic findspots (Güler & Çelik 2015 alone examined 22). See sites.json.

Sites

Sources

  1. Bakan Ersoy’dan 8 yeni keşif müjdesi: Tarih yeniden yazılacakTGRT Haber · 17 Sep 2026
  2. Göbeklitepe bölgesinde 8 yeni tepe daha var! İsimleri bile sır gibi saklanıyorTürkiye Gazetesi · Sep 2026
Tickets & hours

New foreign-visitor tariff published; it takes effect on 1 April 2027

Under board decisions of 27 Aug and 4 Sep 2026, the Göbeklitepe + Karahantepe (Taş Tepeler) ticket rises to €22, the Şanlıurfa Museum + Haleplibahçe Mosaic Museum ticket to €11, and the Göbeklitepe Visitor Centre/replica to €5. A new combined Göbeklitepe + Karahantepe + Visitor Centre ticket costs €23 and is valid for 72 hours. None of this applies yet: the current DÖSİMM list still shows €20 / €10 / €3.

What else the sources say

Third-party sites quote the current €20 price, which is still correct until 1 April 2027. The current tariff names the €20 line for both Taş Tepeler sites, yet lists Karahantepe separately as free. Some sites describe the €20 as covering Göbekli Tepe only.

Sites

Sources

  1. Müze ve ören yeri giriş ücretleri tablosu – valid from 01.04.2027 (PDF)TÜRSAB (circulating Ministry tariff) · Sep 2026
  2. II Sayılı Cetvel – combined tickets (PDF)TÜRSAB (circulating Ministry tariff) · Sep 2026
  3. 2027 yılı müze ve örenyeri giriş ücretleri açıklandıTurizm News · 10 Sep 2026
  4. Müze ve ören yeri ücretleriDÖSİMM (Ministry ticketing directorate)
Discovery

Karahan Tepe: 11,000-year-old statue of a person seated on a leopard

A 70 cm composite sculpture shows a human sitting on a leopard’s back, a style the Minister called unprecedented. It was found on a bench running along the wall of a 3 m-wide building with a floor of flat slabs. It is the reverse of an earlier Karahan Tepe sculpture of a human carrying a leopard on their back.

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe’de 11 bin yıllık kompozit heykel bulunduAnadolu Agency · 25 Aug 2026
  2. 11,000-year-old sculpture of human figure riding leopard found in TürkiyeAnadolu Agency (English) · 25 Aug 2026
  3. Archaeologists uncover a Neolithic sculpture of a human riding a leopardSmithsonian Magazine · Aug 2026
Policy

Plan to turn Sayburç into an open-air museum and village museum

After the sixth season exposed about 70 structures over roughly 2,700 m², Minister Ersoy said the Ministry plans to turn the Neolithic settlement into an open-air museum and the traditional village houses into a ‘village museum’. This is a plan: no opening date, ticketing or access arrangements have been published, so Sayburç cannot be visited yet. In the same post Ersoy said Karahan Tepe holds the earliest known stairs, windows and true ‘corners’ in architecture.

What else the sources say

The ‘earliest stairs/window/corner’ claims come from a ministerial social-media post. We found no peer-reviewed publication of them yet.

Sites

Sources

  1. Sayburç’ta açık hava müzesi kurulacakAnadolu Agency · 19 Aug 2026
  2. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanı Ersoy açıkladı: Şanlıurfa’da yeni bir döneme hazırlanıyoruzCNN Türk · 19 Aug 2026
Excavation

Göbekli Tepe: first excavation on the mound’s northern side finds rectangular houses

For the first time, digging began in an area of about 80 × 70 m north of the shelter roofs, cleared after the olive trees were moved. Rectangular buildings from the site’s second phase (9th millennium BC) appeared just below the surface and are first read as houses. Conservation continues at the same time: the last fragments of a Structure C pillar face were refitted, Structure D’s walls and central-pillar footings were strengthened, and pillars are being secured with steel cables against tremors.

Necmi Karul told AA that about 1,500 m² was opened this season and that the walls are badly eroded but floors were reached quickly. Survey and geomagnetic data suggest large public buildings, rectangular buildings and huts in this northern zone. Work continued in the GT1 and GT2 areas under the two roofs at the same time. The Minister said renewed walkways that take the new excavation zones into account would open to visitors ‘soon’.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbeklitepe’de yeni kazılarda dörtgen planlı yapılar ortaya çıkarıldıAnadolu Agency · 13 Aug 2026
  2. Göbeklitepe’de yeni kazılarda dörtgen planlı yapılar ortaya çıkarıldıHabertürk · 13 Aug 2026
Excavation

Yoğunburç: China’s first excavation in Türkiye begins (started 16 July 2026)

A team led by Prof. Gan Caichao of China’s National Cultural Heritage Administration archaeology centre, working with the Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum, began the first-ever excavation at Yoğunburç (Karaköprü district) on 16 July. The 22-person team, 7 of them Chinese, has so far recovered beads, flint tools and a wild-boar tusk from a mound of about 22 decares. No buildings or dates have been published yet.

What else the sources say

In November 2025 Minister Ersoy listed Yoğunburç among 12 sites being worked ‘simultaneously’ (Şanlıurfa Valiliği). AA (Apr and Aug 2026) and Karul say the first excavation began only in July 2026.

Sites

Sources

  1. Çinli arkeologlar, Yoğunburç kazısıyla Türkiye’de Neolitik Çağ’ın izini sürüyorAnadolu Agency · 9 Aug 2026
  2. Japonlar ‘Ayanlar’da, Çinliler ‘Yoğunburç’ kazısında Neolitik çağın izini sürecekAnadolu Agency · 30 Apr 2026
Visitor update

Göbekli Tepe walkways widened, made step-free and roughly doubled in length

The provincial culture and tourism directorate says the walkways have been widened and made accessible, and the route is now about twice as long, with new viewpoints over the Harran Plain. The single-lane access road is being converted to a dual carriageway. Expect a longer, more spread-out visit than the old loop under the main roof.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbeklitepe’de ulaşım ve gezi güzergahı genişletiliyorAnadolu Agency · 3 Aug 2026
Excavation

Karahan Tepe 2026 season: team plans to open a room sealed with stone slabs

In its 7th season Karahan Tepe’s excavation focused on one part of the mound. The team planned to lift the large flat capstones of a room inside a rectangular special-purpose building found in 2025, because its doorway opens onto only about 1 m of fill and can’t be entered. Karul said the area would be put under a protective roof at the end of the season (October), and that a research centre at the site was nearly finished.

Karahan Tepe has more than 250 T-shaped pillars so far. As of 19 Oct 2026 we found no published result from the sealed room. Watch for an end-of-season announcement.

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe’de ‘gizemli oda’da yeni keşif beklentisiAnadolu Agency · 16 Jul 2026
Excavation

Japanese team for Ayanlar Höyük and first Chinese team for Yoğunburç announced

Project coordinator Necmi Karul said Japanese colleagues, who have already built an excavation house, would soon start long-term work at Ayanlar Höyük. A Chinese team would begin the first-ever dig at Yoğunburç. He said the project now involves 36 academic institutions (15 Turkish, 21 foreign) and that about 200 archaeologists worked in 2025.

Sites

Sources

  1. Japonlar ‘Ayanlar’da, Çinliler ‘Yoğunburç’ kazısında Neolitik çağın izini sürecekAnadolu Agency · 30 Apr 2026
Visitor updateReported

Karahan Tepe reported reopened after a rain-damage closure

Local agency Urfabir reported that Karahan Tepe reopened after about 10 days of closure caused by damage from heavy rain. The site is open-air and on bare limestone, so wet weather can close it at short notice.

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe yeniden ziyarete açıldıUrfabir Haber Ajansı (local) · 5 Mar 2026
Research paper

Mendiktepe 2025 report: a very large PPNA site with buildings of different roles

The BIAA’s Heritage Türkiye report on the University of Liverpool dig, led by Douglas Baird, says Mendiktepe (15 km SW of Şanlıurfa) dates to the PPNA, about 10,000–9,000 cal BC, and covers at least 4 ha, which is unusually large for that period. Small buildings may have been kitchens or stores, mid-sized ones homes, and large, carefully built ones ritual spaces. The site may be earlier than most of what has been dug at Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe.

Sites

Sources

  1. Mendiktepe 2025 (D. Baird, Ö. Sarıtaş, D. Sönmez, C. Uludağ), Heritage TürkiyeBritish Institute at Ankara (BIAA) · Jan 2026
  2. Mendik Tepe, believed to predate Gobeklitepe, being unearthed in southeastern TürkiyeAnadolu Agency (English) · 28 Aug 2025
Visitor update

Göbekli Tepe received about 781,000 visitors in 2025

Anadolu Agency reports ‘781 bin’ (781 thousand) visitors in 2025. Provincial director Aydın Aslan said the target for 2026 is more than 1 million across Göbekli Tepe and the other dig sites. Expect crowds at the shelter at midday in spring and autumn.

What else the sources say

The exact figure 781,381 appears only in a secondary tour-operator source. Other AA pieces round to ‘about 1 million a year’ (Dec 2025, Aug 2026), which is the target, not the measured figure.

Sites

Sources

  1. Tarihin sıfır noktası Göbeklitepe 2025’te 781 bin ziyaretçi ağırladıAnadolu Agency · 8 Jan 2026

202513 entries

Visitor updateReported

New Göbekli Tepe welcome centre, car park and café built about 2.5 km below the site

Because the old car park and visitor area had become too small, a new welcome centre with parking and a café was built about 2.5 km downhill. Visitors then travel up through the natural landscape. Officials said it would open in 2026. Walkways were widened and made accessible.

Reported, not confirmed

In September 2025 the Minister said the centre, car park and walkways would open ‘before the end of 2025’. In December 2025 AA said ‘next year’. We found no dated official opening notice. Check on arrival where the shuttle or parking now starts.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbeklitepe’de yeni yatırımlarla ziyaretçi sayısı ve kapasitenin artırılması hedefleniyorAnadolu Agency · 9 Dec 2025
  2. 12 bin yıllık hafıza yeniden ayağa kalktı (Structure C restoration)T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism press office · 19 Sep 2025
Discovery

Taş Tepeler 5th anniversary: 30 new finds shown, including a ‘stitched-mouth’ statue

At the Karahantepe welcome centre, Minister Ersoy presented 30 new finds. They include a Sayburç statue with a stitched-looking mouth, read as a dead person, and two carved human faces on a stone platform at Sefer Tepe, one in high and one in low relief, in a style unlike the other sites. Also shown were a black serpentine bead carved with two faces from Sefer Tepe and the Göbekli Tepe statue set into a wall as an offering. He said the project now runs at 12 sites and described the region as the ‘Neolithic capital of the world’.

The 12 sites named were Göbeklitepe, Karahantepe, Sayburç, Sefertepe, Harbetsuvan, Çakmaktepe, Yenimahalle, Söğüt Tarlası, Mendiktepe, Yoğunburç, Gürcütepe and Ayanlar. Sayburç excavator Eylem Özdoğan told Hürriyet the ‘stitches’ may be traces of skull defleshing linked to a death ritual, and dated the piece to about 8600–8300 BC.

What else the sources say

Yoğunburç was listed as active, but AA reports its first excavation began in July 2026.

Sites

Sources

  1. Bakan Ersoy Yeni Keşifleri TanıttıŞanlıurfa Valiliği (Governorship) · 27 Nov 2025
  2. Bakan Ersoy: Kapsamlı çalışmalar Taş Tepeler bölgesini dünyanın Neolitik başkenti olarak tescilleyecektirAnadolu Agency · 26 Nov 2025
  3. New Neolithic sculptures uncovered in Türkiye’s Tas Tepeler, reshaping early human historyTürkiye Today · 26 Nov 2025
  4. Sefertepe’deki sanatsal farklılık, yaklaşık 10 bin yıllık insan yüzü kabartmalarıyla ortaya çıktıAnadolu Agency · Nov 2025
  5. Kazı Başkanı Özdoğan Hürriyet’e anlattı… Ağzı dikili heykelin sırrı neHürriyet · Nov 2025
Excavation

Karahan Tepe: a 17 m building with tiered benches ‘like an odeon’

In the building where the 2.3 m statue was found in 2023, excavators reached bedrock across the whole roughly 17 m structure. They found human heads set into walls, seated human statues, and three wide tiers of benches facing a focal point, which Karul compared to an amphitheatre. Karul says Karahan Tepe’s settlement runs from about 9400 BC into the 8000s, in three phases: round, then rounded-rectangular, then truly cornered buildings.

Karul argues these buildings were mainly for bringing people together rather than ‘temples’ in a narrow sense. A separate 9 × 7 m rectangular communal building with walls up to about 3.5 m high and preserved plaster was reported next to it (Türkiye Today, 28 Nov 2025).

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe’de amfi tiyatroyu andıran Neolitik mimari yapı ortaya çıkarıldıAnadolu Agency · 26 Nov 2025
Research paper

Geophysics at Göbekli Tepe shows many more buildings, including likely houses

After the olive trees covering most of the mound were moved, geomagnetic, ground-penetrating radar and lidar surveys found traces of more large monumental buildings and many rectangular structures thought to be houses, mainly east and south of the dug areas. Karul said eight monumental structures have been uncovered so far. The Austrian Archaeological Institute (Barbara Horejs) leads the geoarchaeology.

What else the sources say

Popular accounts still describe ‘Enclosures A–D’. The excavator now gives eight monumental structures.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbeklitepe’de konut olduğu değerlendirilen yeni yapıların izleri tespit edildiAnadolu Agency · 8 Oct 2025
Discovery

First T-shaped pillar with a carved human face, found at Karahan Tepe

T-pillars have long been read as stylised people because of their carved arms and hands, but none had a face until now. The face on this pillar has sharp features, deep eye sockets and a blunt nose, matching Karahan Tepe’s human statues. The Ministry said 2025 excavations were running at 10 separate sites.

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe’de insan yüzlü T biçimli dikilitaş bulunduAnadolu Agency · 6 Oct 2025
  2. Neolithic Turkish site of Karahantepe named among top 10 archaeological discoveries of 2025Anadolu Agency (English) · 23 Dec 2025
Discovery

Göbekli Tepe: human statue found built into a wall; Structure C restoration completed

A human statue, missing its feet, was found lying on its back inside a room wall between Structures B and D. It is interpreted as an offering and left in place because it forms part of the wall. It is the first statue of this kind from Göbekli Tepe; similar ones were known from Karahan Tepe. On the same day the restoration of Structure C, the site’s largest, with pillars up to about 6 m, was formally completed in the presence of Princess Akiko of Mikasa. About 1,000 olive trees had been moved off the mound.

Sites

Sources

  1. 12 bin yıllık hafıza yeniden ayağa kalktı (Structure C restoration)T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism press office · 19 Sep 2025
  2. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanı Ersoy, Göbeklitepe’de insan heykelinin bulunduğunu duyurduAnadolu Agency · 19 Sep 2025
  3. Göbeklitepe’de bulunan insan heykeli Neolitik Dönem algılarını yeniden şekillendiriyorAnadolu Agency · 20 Sep 2025
  4. Life-Size Human Statue Found at GöbeklitepeArchaeology Magazine (AIA) · 29 Sep 2025
Excavation

Ayanlar Höyük excavation launched with Japan’s Princess Akiko

Minister Ersoy and Princess Akiko of Mikasa ceremonially started digging at Ayanlar Höyük, about 20 km northwest of Şanlıurfa. The work is run by the Chiba Institute of Technology and the Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology. Ersoy called it the project’s 12th site and said surveys suggest it was occupied for the longest time of any. Japan was also handed an excavation house; the same team has worked at Harbetsuvan since 2022.

Sites

Sources

  1. Princess Akiko of Mikasa attends ceremony for launch of new excavation project (Ayanlar Höyük)Chiba Institute of Technology · 24 Oct 2025
  2. Türk-Japon kültürel işbirliğinin yeni simgesi Şanlıurfa’daki Ayanlar Höyük olduAnadolu Agency · 21 Sep 2025
  3. Altes Prenses Akiko Mikasa’nın Şanlıurfa Ziyareti (18-20 Eylül 2025)Embassy of Japan in Türkiye · 2 Oct 2025
Excavation

Sayburç: more than 50 Neolithic buildings, T-pillars inside ordinary houses

Excavation director Eylem Özdoğan (Istanbul University) reports more than 50 buildings. Most are houses, with hearths, platforms, benches and work areas, and 5 are special or communal buildings. Houses usually contain a single T-pillar, while special buildings have pillars along the walls plus one or two central ones. The site was used without a break for about 300 years and shows the shift from round to rectangular buildings.

Sites

Sources

  1. Şanlıurfa’daki Sayburç’ta 50’den fazla neolitik yapı gün yüzüne çıkarıldıAnadolu Agency · 1 Sep 2025
Excavation

Mendik Tepe, possibly older than Göbekli Tepe, under excavation by Liverpool team

Mendik Tepe, in Payamlı (Eyyübiye district), was found by Çakmaktepe excavator Fatma Şahin. It has been dug since 2024 by Douglas Baird (University of Liverpool) with the Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum and BIAA. Baird said Mendik and Çakmaktepe ‘seem earlier than at least most of what’s been excavated at Göbeklitepe and Karahantepe’.

Sites

Sources

  1. Mendik Tepe, believed to predate Gobeklitepe, being unearthed in southeastern TürkiyeAnadolu Agency (English) · 28 Aug 2025
  2. Mendiktepe 2025 (D. Baird, Ö. Sarıtaş, D. Sönmez, C. Uludağ), Heritage TürkiyeBritish Institute at Ankara (BIAA) · Jan 2026
Discovery

Karahan Tepe: tiny fox, vulture and boar figures in a nested vessel, possibly the oldest 3D story

A small stone vessel set inside a larger one held figurines of a fox, a vulture and a wild boar, each head set in a limestone ring. Excavator Necmi Karul calls it the earliest known three-dimensional narrative. The figurines are only a few centimetres tall and about 11,500 years old.

What else the sources say

The find was first announced in Turkish media on 23 Aug 2025 and reported by Reuters on 28 Aug 2025. It is not yet formally published. The ‘oldest 3D narrative’ label is the excavator’s interpretation.

Sites

Sources

  1. Tiny carved animals found in Turkey tell story of prehistoric myth makingReuters · 28 Aug 2025
  2. İlk üç boyutlu anlatı! Şanlıurfa’daki Karahantepe’de keşfedildiUrfa En Son Haber (local) · 23 Aug 2025
  3. Neolithic Turkish site of Karahantepe named among top 10 archaeological discoveries of 2025Anadolu Agency (English) · 23 Dec 2025
Media & debate

NPR: Göbekli Tepe conspiracy theories go mainstream via Joe Rogan

NPR reported that claims by Graham Hancock and others that archaeologists are hiding discoveries or digging slowly on purpose have spread through Joe Rogan’s podcast. DAI field director Lee Clare explained that slow excavation is deliberate: every layer must be documented before it is destroyed forever.

Sites

Sources

  1. Ancient Gobekli Tepe site meets conspiracy theories — and Joe RoganNPR · 9 Aug 2025
  2. A glimpse into the ancient Turkish site challenging our views on early civilizationNPR · 26 Jul 2025
Research paper

Antiquity: 307 ‘desert kite’ hunting traps around the Harran Plain

Fatma Şahin and Michele Massa mapped 307 desert kites, large drive-and-trap walls for gazelle hunting, around Şanlıurfa, 34 of them newly identified, and checked 14 on the ground in 2021–22. They argue some may date to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic (about 9500–7000 BC), linking mass hunting to the monument builders. A corrigendum corrected the size of associated round structures to 20–30 m.

Sites

Sources

  1. Mass-hunting in South-west Asia at the dawn of sedentism: new evidence from Şanlıurfa, south-east Türkiye (F. Şahin & M. Massa), Antiquity 99(403)Antiquity (Cambridge University Press) · Feb 2025
  2. Corrigendum to Şahin & Massa 2025Antiquity (Cambridge University Press) · Feb 2025

20246 entries

Research paper

DAI’s Lee Clare: ‘charismatic leaders’ and a hunter-gatherer crisis at Göbekli Tepe

In Documenta Praehistorica 51, Göbekli Tepe field director Lee Clare argues that charismatic figures such as storytellers, hunters and ritual specialists may have emerged during an early-Holocene ‘hunter-gatherer crisis’, helping to keep traditional values alive as people settled down. It belongs to the shift from reading the site as a pure ‘temple’ to seeing it as a settlement.

Sites

Sources

  1. Inspired individuals and charismatic leaders: hunter-gatherer crisis and the rise and fall of invisible decision-makers at Göbeklitepe (L. Clare), Documenta Praehistorica 51: 6-43University of Ljubljana · 2024
Media & debate

Excavators restate that Göbekli Tepe was not an observatory and Pillar 43 is not a star map

Türkiye Today brought together rebuttals from Necmi Karul and DAI’s Jens Notroff to the Sweatman ‘observatory/comet’ and Hancock ‘star map’ readings of Pillar 43. Their points: the buildings were probably roofed and later filled in, wooden roof traces have been found, and the carvings are better read as myths and death ritual, such as vultures and skull cult, than as constellations.

Sites

Sources

  1. Debunking claims about GobeklitepeTürkiye Today · 11 Dec 2024
  2. More than a vulture: a response to Sweatman and Tsikritsis (Notroff et al.)Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry 17(2) · 2017
Media & debate

Flint Dibble explains why Göbekli Tepe undercuts the ‘lost Ice Age civilisation’ idea

In a New Scientist interview after his 2024 Joe Rogan debate with Graham Hancock, archaeologist Flint Dibble said that the animal bones and seeds at Göbekli Tepe all come from wild species. In his view that shows hunter-gatherers built it, not survivors of an advanced lost civilisation. It’s a useful short read if visitors arrive with Ancient Apocalypse-style questions.

Sites

Sources

  1. The archaeologist fighting claims about an advanced lost civilisation (interview with Flint Dibble)New Scientist · 14 Oct 2024
Research paperDisputed

Sweatman paper claims Pillar 43’s V-symbols are a 365-day lunisolar calendar

Edinburgh engineer Martin Sweatman argues in Time and Mind that the V-shaped marks on Pillar 43 (the ‘Vulture Stone’) count 12 lunar months plus 11 extra days. He also reads 11-pillar enclosures, a Karahan Tepe pool structure and V-necklaced statues as calendar or ‘time-god’ symbols, and ties all of it to the contested Younger Dryas comet-impact hypothesis. The excavators reject astronomical readings of the site.

This follows Sweatman & Tsikritsis (2017), which drew a published rebuttal from the Göbekli Tepe team (Notroff et al. 2017, ‘More than a vulture’). The 2024 paper got wide press attention. We found no formal peer-reviewed rebuttal of the 2024 paper itself. The rebuttals on record are the excavators’ statements: Karul in July and December 2024, and Notroff via Türkiye Today.

Disputed

This is a peer-reviewed paper, but its interpretation is rejected by the excavation directors (Karul, DAI). Show it as a debated hypothesis, not a finding.

Sites

Sources

  1. Representations of calendars and time at Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe support an astronomical interpretation of their symbolism (M. B. Sweatman), Time and Mind 17(3-4):191-247Taylor & Francis · 24 Jul 2024
  2. Debunking claims about GobeklitepeTürkiye Today · 11 Dec 2024
  3. Did aliens build Göbekli Tepe? The head of the excavation answersAnatolian Archaeology · 20 Jul 2024
Media & debate

Excavation head rejects ‘aliens’, ‘time portal’ and ‘observatory’ claims

Responding to viral social-media claims, Necmi Karul said there is no evidence that Göbekli Tepe was an observatory, because the buildings were roofed and wooden roof traces were found in 2023. He said Graham Hancock ‘cheated by incorporating what we said into his fiction’. Karul reads the carvings as shared myths and memory.

Sites

Sources

  1. Did aliens build Göbekli Tepe? The head of the excavation answersAnatolian Archaeology · 20 Jul 2024

20232 entries

Discovery

Göbekli Tepe’s painted wild boar and Karahan Tepe’s 2.3 m seated statue

A life-size limestone boar (1.35 m long, 0.70 m high, Early PPNB, about 8700–8200 BC) found in Structure D still had red, black and white pigment, with a red tongue. It is the first clear proof that the site’s sculptures were painted. It stands on a bench between Pillars 43 and 78 that is carved with an H-symbol, a crescent, snakes and three faces. At Karahan Tepe a 2.3 m seated human statue with emphasised ribs and spine, suggesting a dead person, was found fixed into a bench, with a vulture sculpture set in the wall nearby.

What else the sources say

The Ministry announced the finds on 30 Sep 2023 and the DAI newsroom item is dated 8 Oct 2023. They are the same finds.

Sites

Sources

  1. Tarihin sıfır noktasında ilk boyalı heykel bulunduT.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism press office · 30 Sep 2023
  2. Life-size statue of a wild boar found in Special Building D of Göbekli TepeGerman Archaeological Institute (DAI) · 8 Oct 2023
  3. New statues unearthed in Türkiye’s ancient Gobeklitepe, Karahantepe sitesAnadolu Agency (English) · Sep 2023
Visitor updateReported

6 February 2023 earthquakes: Göbekli Tepe reported undamaged

After the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, the Ministry said no damage was found at Göbekli Tepe. Later drone and site checks reported no shifting of the T-pillars. Since 2026, pillars in Structure D are being secured with steel cables as a precaution.

Sites

Sources

  1. 12 bin yıllık Göbeklitepe iki depremde de hasar görmediMilliyet · Feb 2023
  2. Göbeklitepe’de yeni kazılarda dörtgen planlı yapılar ortaya çıkarıldıAnadolu Agency · 13 Aug 2026

20221 entry

Research paper

Sayburç relief published in Antiquity as the earliest known narrative scene

Eylem Özdoğan published the 3.7 m bench relief found in 2021. It shows a high-relief man holding his phallus between two snarling leopards, and a second human facing a bull. The figures interact with each other, so she argues it is the earliest known depicted ‘story’, from the 9th millennium BC.

Sites

Sources

  1. The Sayburç reliefs: a narrative scene from the Neolithic (E. Özdoğan)Antiquity (Cambridge University Press) · 8 Dec 2022
  2. Prehistoric carvings depict showdowns between humans and beastsScience (AAAS) · 7 Dec 2022
  3. Sayburç (site page, text by E. Özdoğan)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism

20213 entries

Discovery

Çakmaktepe found on satellite images and excavated the same year

Çakmaktepe, about 20 km southwest of Şanlıurfa, was found in the first year of the ŞAYA survey and dug from 2021 by Çukurova University and the Şanlıurfa Museum, joined by Japan’s University of Tsukuba from 2022. El-Khiam points date it to the very start of the PPNA (about 10,000–9500 BC), earlier than most of Göbekli Tepe.

Sites

Sources

  1. Çakmaktepe (site page, text by F. Şahin & Y. Miyake)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  2. Mendik Tepe, believed to predate Gobeklitepe, being unearthed in southeastern TürkiyeAnadolu Agency (English) · 28 Aug 2025
Policy

Taş Tepeler (Şanlıurfa Neolithic Research Project) launched

The Ministry presented the project during events from 21 to 27 September 2021, with a symposium on 23 September. Seven sites were under research: Göbeklitepe, Karahantepe, Gürcütepe, Sayburç, Çakmaktepe, Sefertepe and Yeni Mahalle. Five more were to follow in the 2021–2024 first phase: Ayanlar, Yoğunburç, Harbetsuvan, Kurttepesi and Taşlıtepe. The ‘Karahantepe and Neolithic Human’ exhibition opened at the Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum the same day.

What else the sources say

Of the five sites planned in 2021, Kurt Tepesi and Taşlı Tepe were not among the 12 active sites listed in Nov 2025. Mendik Tepe and Söğüt Tarlası took their places.

Sites

Sources

  1. Türkiye illuminates its Neolithic Heritage with TAŞ TEPELERGoTürkiye / TGA press release · Sep 2021
  2. ‘Taş Tepeler Tanıtım Toplantısı’ Şanlıurfa’da yapıldıAnadolu Agency · Oct 2021
Discovery

Sayburç: Neolithic pillars spotted re-used in village garden walls

In May 2021, during a visit by the Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum and project members, T-pillars were noticed built into garden walls in Sayburç village, about 20 km southwest of Şanlıurfa. Excavation by Istanbul University and the museum began that year. Much of the site lies under the modern village, which dates from 1949.

Sites

Sources

  1. Sayburç (site page, text by E. Özdoğan)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  2. The Sayburç reliefs: a narrative scene from the Neolithic (E. Özdoğan)Antiquity (Cambridge University Press) · 8 Dec 2022

20192 entries

Excavation

Karahan Tepe excavations begin; Istanbul University’s Necmi Karul takes over Göbekli Tepe

Excavations at Karahan Tepe, discovered in 1997 in the Tek Tek Mountains National Park, began in 2019 under Istanbul University. Since 2019 the Göbekli Tepe excavation has also been led by Prof. Necmi Karul, with Lee Clare as the DAI’s field and research director since autumn 2014.

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe (site page)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  2. Göbeklitepe (site page)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
Visitor update

‘Year of Göbeklitepe’: President Erdoğan opens the site and its visitor centre

2019 was declared the ‘Year of Göbeklitepe’, and on 8 March 2019 President Erdoğan officially opened the site’s visitor and welcome centre. Visitor numbers rose quickly afterwards, according to the provincial tourism director in 2026. The 2019 complex has since been outgrown, which led to the new centre 2.5 km downhill (2025–26).

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbeklitepe’nin resmi açılışını Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan yaptıT.C. İletişim Başkanlığı · 8 Mar 2019
  2. Göbeklitepe kapılarını ziyaretçilere açtıDeutsche Welle Türkçe · 8 Mar 2019
  3. Göbeklitepe’de ulaşım ve gezi güzergahı genişletiliyorAnadolu Agency · 3 Aug 2026

20181 entry

Policy

Göbekli Tepe inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List

At its 42nd session in Manama, the World Heritage Committee inscribed Göbekli Tepe (no. 1572) under criteria (i), (ii) and (iv): 126 ha with a 461 ha buffer zone. UNESCO describes monumental round-oval and rectangular megalithic structures built by hunter-gatherers between 9600 and 8200 BCE, with pillars up to 5.5 m tall.

Sites

Sources

  1. Decision 42 COM 8B.34UNESCO World Heritage Centre · 1 Jul 2018
  2. Göbekli Tepe (World Heritage List no. 1572)UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  3. Press Release No. 176 regarding the inscription of Göbekli Tepe on the UNESCO World Heritage ListT.C. Ministry of Foreign Affairs · 1 Jul 2018

20172 entries

Excavation

Harbetsuvan Tepesi: three rescue seasons after heavy looting

Found in a 2014 museum survey, Harbetsuvan was dug in 2017–2019 by the Şanlıurfa Museum under Bahattin Çelik to record what looters had left. Finds included T-pillars and a seated male statue like those from Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe. It is read as a small PPNB cult centre, and since 2022 Japanese teams have worked there.

Sites

Sources

  1. Harbetsuvan Tepesi (site page, text by K. Shimogama)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  2. Şanlıurfa İli Neolitik Dönem Yüzey Araştırması Sonucunda Ortaya Çıkan Yeni Bilgi ve Bulgular (B. Çelik)Türk Tarih Kurumu (PDF) · c. 2020-2022

20151 entry

MuseumReported

Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum and Haleplibahçe Mosaic Museum open

President Erdoğan opened the new Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum complex, which holds key Göbekli Tepe, Karahan Tepe and Nevalı Çori finds and the Urfa Man statue, together with the Haleplibahçe Mosaic Museum. It’s the best place to see the statues, since most original sculptures are not at the sites.

Sites

Sources

  1. Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Şanlıurfa Arkeoloji Müzesi’nin açılış törenine katıldıT.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı · 24 May 2015
  2. Şanlıurfa Arkeoloji Müzesimuze.gov.tr (Ministry)

20141 entry

Excavation

Klaus Schmidt, who identified Göbekli Tepe’s significance, dies aged 60

The DAI prehistorian who had led excavations since 1995 died suddenly on 20 July 2014. From 2014 the excavation permit passed to the Şanlıurfa Museum, working with the DAI, and Lee Clare became DAI field director that autumn.

Sites

Sources

  1. Prof. Dr. Klaus Schmidt †FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte
  2. Klaus Schmidt (obituary), Paléorient 40/2Persée · 2014
  3. Göbekli Tepe (World Heritage List no. 1572)UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  4. Göbeklitepe (site page)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism

20131 entry

Policy

Sefer Tepe registered as an archaeological site after a student’s tip

A Harran University student told lecturer A. Cihat Kürkçüoğlu about a similar site near his home. Pillar tops had been seen there in 2000–2003 surveys, and in 2013 it was registered as a 2nd-degree archaeological site. Excavation began in 2021, with Istanbul University and the Şanlıurfa Museum.

Sites

Sources

  1. Sefertepe (site page, text by E. Güldoğan)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  2. Şanlıurfa İli Neolitik Dönem Yüzey Araştırması Sonucunda Ortaya Çıkan Yeni Bilgi ve Bulgular (B. Çelik)Türk Tarih Kurumu (PDF) · c. 2020-2022

19971 entry

Discovery

Karahan Tepe identified in the Tek Tek Mountains

Karahan Tepe was discovered in 1997 and published by Bahattin Çelik from 2000, with the tops of many T-pillars visible at the surface. Çelik’s surveys put the site at about 110 decares, larger than Göbekli Tepe’s 80. It wasn’t excavated until 2019.

What else the sources say

Distances to Şanlıurfa vary by source: 55 km (muze.gov.tr and tastepeler.org), 46 km (AA, Nov 2025) and about 60 km (Euronews, KTB).

Sites

Sources

  1. Karahantepe (site page)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  2. Şanlıurfa İli Neolitik Dönem Yüzey Araştırması Sonucunda Ortaya Çıkan Yeni Bilgi ve Bulgular (B. Çelik)Türk Tarih Kurumu (PDF) · c. 2020-2022

19951 entry

Excavation

Excavations at Göbekli Tepe begin (DAI with the Şanlıurfa Museum)

Harald Hauptmann and Klaus Schmidt of the DAI began digging with the Şanlıurfa Museum in 1995, and Schmidt directed the work until 2014. Over the next two decades the famous round enclosures A–D with their carved T-pillars were exposed, including Pillar 43, the ‘Vulture Stone’, in Enclosure D. Later layers have smaller rectangular buildings.

What else the sources say

Dating: UNESCO gives 9600–8200 BCE; the official Taş Tepeler page gives about 9600–7750 cal BC, roughly 1,750 years of continuous occupation. Both are in use; they reflect different summaries of the radiocarbon series.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbekli Tepe – The first 20 Years of Research (Tepe Telegrams)German Archaeological Institute (DAI), O. Dietrich · 2 Jun 2016
  2. Göbeklitepe (site page)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  3. 12 bin yıllık hafıza yeniden ayağa kalktı (Structure C restoration)T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism press office · 19 Sep 2025

19941 entry

Discovery

Klaus Schmidt recognises T-pillars at Göbekli Tepe

Revisiting Neolithic sites from the literature after the loss of Nevalı Çori, Schmidt reached the mound in October 1994. He found the slopes ‘glittering’ with flint artefacts, and a field-clearance pile held the T-shaped head of a pillar ‘of the Nevalı Çori type’. Stones earlier mistaken for Islamic gravestones turned out to be Neolithic pillars.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbekli Tepe – The first 20 Years of Research (Tepe Telegrams)German Archaeological Institute (DAI), O. Dietrich · 2 Jun 2016

19931 entry

Discovery

‘Urfa Man’ (Balıklıgöl statue) found in Şanlıurfa’s Yeni Mahalle

A life-size male statue was found by chance during building work in the Yeni Mahalle district near Balıklıgöl. Rescue excavations later found a Pre-Pottery Neolithic settlement with terrazzo floors about 100 m away. The statue, often cited as the oldest life-size human sculpture, is in the Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum.

Sites

Sources

  1. Şanlıurfa İli Neolitik Dönem Yüzey Araştırması Sonucunda Ortaya Çıkan Yeni Bilgi ve Bulgular (B. Çelik)Türk Tarih Kurumu (PDF) · c. 2020-2022
  2. Taş TepelerWikipedia (English)

19831 entry

Excavation

Nevalı Çori excavated, then flooded by the Atatürk Dam reservoir

Harald Hauptmann’s rescue excavations (1983–1991) uncovered houses and a unique cult building with T-pillars and monumental sculpture. It was the first site of this culture to be dug, and it inspired Schmidt’s search that led to Göbekli Tepe. The site now lies under the reservoir; its sculptures are in the Şanlıurfa Archaeology Museum.

What else the sources say

DAI (Dietrich 2016) says it was flooded in 1991. Other secondary sources say 1992.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbekli Tepe – The first 20 Years of Research (Tepe Telegrams)German Archaeological Institute (DAI), O. Dietrich · 2 Jun 2016
  2. Şanlıurfa İli Neolitik Dönem Yüzey Araştırması Sonucunda Ortaya Çıkan Yeni Bilgi ve Bulgular (B. Çelik)Türk Tarih Kurumu (PDF) · c. 2020-2022

19631 entry

Discovery

Istanbul–Chicago survey records Göbekli Tepe, but misses its significance

The joint Istanbul and Chicago Universities prehistoric survey led by Halet Çambel and Robert Braidwood recorded Göbekli Tepe. Peter Benedict described reddish mounds littered with flint and identified the material as Neolithic. The team mistook the pillar tops for Islamic graves and didn’t follow up. The same survey found Söğüt Tarlası–Biris Mezarlığı.

Sites

Sources

  1. Göbekli Tepe – The first 20 Years of Research (Tepe Telegrams)German Archaeological Institute (DAI), O. Dietrich · 2 Jun 2016
  2. Söğüt Tarlası – Biris Mezarlığı (site page, text by G. M. Di Nocera)Taş Tepeler project site, T.C. Ministry of Culture and Tourism
  3. Göbeklitepe’de ulaşım ve gezi güzergahı genişletiliyorAnadolu Agency · 3 Aug 2026

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